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Persia Religiosa Da Zaratustra a Bahâ'u'llâh

By: Material type: TextTextPublication details: Roma Libreria Editrice Aseq 2017Description: 542 p. illusISBN:
  • 9788885441002
Other title:
  • Religious Persia from Zarathustra to Baha'u'llah
Subject(s):
Contents:
Four major periods mark the religious and cultural history of Iran: that of ancient religion with the formation of the doctrine of Zaratustra, that of the medieval Mazdean religion, that of early Persian Islam, the modern one in which Persia isolates itself from "Orthodox" Muslims and generates, in full sec. XIX, the new Bâbî-Bahâ'î religion. Is it possible to establish continuity between these great moments? Direct continuity, no; a unitary aspect, yes, deriving in each of the phases from the contribution of the Gnostic-Mesopotamian world. This is the scientific thesis that Bausani proposes. And yet to consider his book as a pure treatment of religious history would be to limit its scope. Immediately the discourse comes alive, starting from the titles of the three parts that compose it: The Cycle and the Angel (that is the Cyclical Time, the angelized Platonism); the Red Intellect (name borrowed from a mystical treatise, to mention the universe of "full-bodied symbols" typical of Iranian theology); the changing God (i.e. the Islamic, arbitrary and personal God). And the book seems to be transformed into a treasure chest teeming with mystical, magical, mythical and spiritual treasures, which centuries of wisdom have created for the use of all men, their job of living, their hope of surviving, their anguish of dying. The terrible and exhilarating idea of ​​the Saved Time would be enough, the story of men who, questioned by the Creator, renounce the heavenly bliss, "choose" to descend in time and on earth to fight against evil. In this book, backward myths are seen: that is, motifs already acquired by intelligence that are incorporated into symbolic figures (and it is an illumination also for the birth of poetry). In their biographies and thoughts, gigantic characters are seen to camp: from Zaratustra to Mani, from the "anarchist" Mazdak to Avicenna with his "visionary tales". Theologians discuss, Vatican prophets, Angels appear, bright or black. And the reader, always guided by a lucid interpreter, finds pregnant, illuminating or disturbing answers to the absurd, perennial, inexorable question: what is the human condition?
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Book, collection chapter or section Book, collection chapter or section New Zealand National Baha'i Reference Library Available

Quattro grandi periodi scandiscono la storia religiosa e culturale dell'Iran: quello della religione antica col formarsi della dottrina di Zaratustra, quello della religione medievale mazdea, quello del primo Islam persiano, quello moderno in cui la Persia si isola dai mussulmani «ortodossi» e genera, in pieno sec. XIX, la nuova religione Bâbî-Bahâ'î. È possibile stabilire una continuità tra questi grandi momenti? Una continuità diretta, no; un aspetto unitario, si, derivante in ciascuna delle fasi dall'apporto del mondo gnostico-mesopotamico. Questa la tesi scientifica che il Bausani si propone. E tuttavia considerare il suo libro come una pure trattazione di storia religiosa sarebbe limitarne la portata. Subito il discorso si anima, fin dai titoli delle tre parti che lo compongono: Il Ciclo e l'Angelo (cioè il Tempo Ciclico, il platonismo angelizzato); l'Intelletto Rosso (nome preso in prestito ad un trattato mistico, per accennare all'universo di «simboli corposi» tipico della teologia iranica); l'Iddio che muta (cioè il Dio islamico, arbitrario e personale). E il libro sembra trasformarsi in uno scrigno brulicante di tesori mistici, magici, mitici, spirituali, che secoli di sapienza hanno creato ad uso di tutti gli uomini, del loro mestiere di vivere, della loro speranza di sopravvivere, della loro angoscia di morire. Basterebbe l'idea terribile ed esaltante del Tempo Salvato, il racconto degli uomini che, interrogati dal Creatore, rinunciano alla beatitudine paradisiaca, «scelgono» di scendere nel tempo e nella vita terrestre per lottare contro il male. Si vedono, in questo libro, nascere miti a ritroso: cioè motivi già acquisiti dall'intelligenza che si incorporano in figure simboliche (ed è una illuminazione anche per la nascita della poesia). Si vedono campeggiare, nelle loro biografie e nei loro pensieri, giganteschi personaggi: da Zaratustra a Mani, dall'«anarchico» Mazdak ad Avicenna coi suoi «racconti visionari». Teologi discutono, Profeti vaticinano, Angeli appaiono, luminosi o neri. E il lettore, guidato sempre da un lucido interprete, trova pregnanti, illuminanti o perturbatrici risposte all'assurda, perenne, inesorabile domanda: che cos'è la condizione umana?

Four major periods mark the religious and cultural history of Iran: that of ancient religion with the formation of the doctrine of Zaratustra, that of the medieval Mazdean religion, that of early Persian Islam, the modern one in which Persia isolates itself from "Orthodox" Muslims and generates, in full sec. XIX, the new Bâbî-Bahâ'î religion. Is it possible to establish continuity between these great moments? Direct continuity, no; a unitary aspect, yes, deriving in each of the phases from the contribution of the Gnostic-Mesopotamian world. This is the scientific thesis that Bausani proposes. And yet to consider his book as a pure treatment of religious history would be to limit its scope. Immediately the discourse comes alive, starting from the titles of the three parts that compose it: The Cycle and the Angel (that is the Cyclical Time, the angelized Platonism); the Red Intellect (name borrowed from a mystical treatise, to mention the universe of "full-bodied symbols" typical of Iranian theology); the changing God (i.e. the Islamic, arbitrary and personal God). And the book seems to be transformed into a treasure chest teeming with mystical, magical, mythical and spiritual treasures, which centuries of wisdom have created for the use of all men, their job of living, their hope of surviving, their anguish of dying. The terrible and exhilarating idea of ​​the Saved Time would be enough, the story of men who, questioned by the Creator, renounce the heavenly bliss, "choose" to descend in time and on earth to fight against evil. In this book, backward myths are seen: that is, motifs already acquired by intelligence that are incorporated into symbolic figures (and it is an illumination also for the birth of poetry). In their biographies and thoughts, gigantic characters are seen to camp: from Zaratustra to Mani, from the "anarchist" Mazdak to Avicenna with his "visionary tales". Theologians discuss, Vatican prophets, Angels appear, bright or black. And the reader, always guided by a lucid interpreter, finds pregnant, illuminating or disturbing answers to the absurd, perennial, inexorable question: what is the human condition?

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